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5
Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|
 DigitalInfinity
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10457e5906 | ||
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DigitalInfinity
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7773c82258 | ||
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DigitalInfinity
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22dca29d09 | ||
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DigitalInfinity
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2c4f2301ce | ||
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DigitalInfinity
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21fa69a32d |
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@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ Jetzt nehmen wir den Wert, den uns der Lichtsensor gegeben hat und sagen der del
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## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
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* hast du noch den Piepser zur Hand? Könntest du den Piepser heller oder dunkler piepsen lassen, je nachdem, wie hell oder dunkel es ist?
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<details>
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<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
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@@ -68,19 +67,46 @@ Jetzt nehmen wir den Wert, den uns der Lichtsensor gegeben hat und sagen der del
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//TODO: Lösungsvorschlag anpassen
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#define PIEPSER 12
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int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
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int sensorPin = A0;
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int sensorWert = 0;
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void setup() {
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pinMode(PIEPSER, OUTPUT);
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pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
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}
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void loop() {
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tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
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delay(1000);
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tone(PIEPSER, 500);
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delay(1000);
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tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
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delay(1000);
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tone(PIEPSER, 500);
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delay(1000);
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sensorWert = analogRead(sensorPin);
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tone(PIEPSER, sensorWert);
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}
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```
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</details>
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* Und wie müsste das Programm aussehen, wenn wir ohne die Variable "sensorWert" auskommen wollten?
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<details>
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<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
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```c
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//TODO: Lösungsvorschlag anpassen
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int sensorPin = A0;
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int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
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void setup() {
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pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
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}
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void loop() {
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digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
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// Hier wir dei Ausgabe von analogRead() direkt an die Funktion delay() übergeben, ohne diese zuerst abzuspeichern. Das geht auch, ist aber unübersichtlicher
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delay(analogRead(sensorPin));
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digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
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// hier noch mal
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delay(analogRead(sensorPin));
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}
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```
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</details>
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@@ -1,431 +0,0 @@
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 79.9004)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A2</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector2terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="78.85"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 87.0996)">
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</g>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 94.3008)">
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 137.5)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">N/C</text>
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</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector91terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="136.45"/>
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||||
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 20.5669, 57.8026)">
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<g>
|
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<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
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<g>
|
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -106.047, 37.7339)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">GND</text>
|
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector89terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 12.9469, 5.69736)">
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<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
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<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.2948, 23.7523)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">3V3</text>
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|
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|
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector86terminal" width="0.7" x="35.65" y="-0.35"/>
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<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector46terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
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<line fill="none" id="connector87pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 18.0269, 5.69736)">
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<g>
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<g transform="rotate(270)">
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<g>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -14.3671, 33.0727)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">5V</text>
|
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</g>
|
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</g>
|
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector87terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
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<line fill="none" id="connector90pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="64.8" x2="64.8" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 23.1069, 5.69736)">
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<g>
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<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
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<g>
|
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.1776, 42.3931)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">VIN</text>
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</g>
|
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</g>
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
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</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector90terminal" width="0.701" x="64.449" y="-0.35"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 46.7871, 81.3828)">
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label">Arduino</text>
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_1_">Uno</text>
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</g>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 48.5938, 90.4492)">
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_2_">(Rev3)</text>
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</g>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 50.1426, 94.9844)">
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_3_">ICSP</text>
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</g>
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<g partID="62640">
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<text class="text" fill="#8c8c8c" font-family="'Droid Sans'" font-size="2.50001" stroke="none" stroke-width="0" text-anchor="middle" x="3.95001" y="2.046">1</text>
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<g fill="#000000" fill-opacity="1" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="5.000" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" id="schematicLabel" stroke="none">
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<text x="0" y="5.000">Part1</text>
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<text x="0" y="5.000">LED1</text>
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<text x="0" y="10.000">Red (633nm)</text>
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<text x="0" y="10.000">220Ω</text>
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<text x="0" y="15.000">±5%</text>
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<text x="0" y="5.000">S1</text>
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</svg>
|
||||
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 36 KiB |
File renamed without changes.
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
|
||||
// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
|
||||
// Dies ist Übung 6: Ein Schalter
|
||||
// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
|
||||
// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter
|
||||
// Dort findest du auch eine Skizze für die Verkabelung
|
||||
|
||||
const int buttonPin = 12;
|
||||
const int ledPin = 13;
|
||||
|
||||
File renamed without changes.
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 72 KiB |
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
|
||||
TODO: Überarbeiten
|
||||
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 6: Ein Schalter (ein digitaler Sensor)
|
||||
|
||||
In dieser Übung verwenden wir einen Schalter.
|
||||
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir das Projekt über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "05_Schalter"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Verkabeln wir den Piepser mit dem Arduino mit dem Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
So muss da aussehen, wenn wir fertig sind:
|
||||
|
||||
<img src="06_Schalter.svg">
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
|
||||
In der Datei 06_Schalter.ino finden wir (ohne die ganzen Kommentare) folgenden Quellcode:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
const int buttonPin = 12;
|
||||
const int ledPin = 13;
|
||||
|
||||
int buttonState = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Auch hier hast du das meiste schon gesehen.
|
||||
Wir haben hier aber unsere erste sogenannte Kontrollstruktur.
|
||||
Kontrollstrukturen sorgen dafür, dass Programme unter bestimmten Bedingungen nur bestimmte Dinge machen oder oder nicht machen.
|
||||
Wir erklären das gleich ganz genau :)
|
||||
|
||||
## digitalRead()
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Die Funktion digitalRead() liest einen digitalen Sensor aus.
|
||||
Ein Schalter wie in unserem Beispiel gibt nur die 0 zurück, wenn er nicht gedrückt ist oder gibt die 1 zurück, wenn er gedrückt ist.
|
||||
Dazwischen gibt es nicht.
|
||||
Damit wir gleich wissen, ob der Knopf gedrückt ist oder nicht speichern wir das Ergebnis in der Variable "buttonState" ab, also Schalterstatus.
|
||||
|
||||
## if else (und elseif)
|
||||
|
||||
Jetzt verwenden wir die Variable "buttonState" und schauchen, ob der Knopf gedrückt ist.
|
||||
Dazu gibt es if, else und (wird hier nicht verwendet elseif):
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
"if" heißt "wenn". Wenn also der buttonStage "HIGH" wie "an" ist dann soll das gemacht werden, was zwischen den geschwungenen Klammern steht, also die LED soll eingeschaltet werden.
|
||||
"else", also "ansonsten" soll das gemacht werden, was in der zweiten Klammer steht.
|
||||
Es gibt auch noch "elseif", das heißt so viel wie "ansonsten wenn".
|
||||
|
||||
Um Dinge zu vergleichen gibt es viele verschiedene Möglichkeiten, sogenannte Operatoren.
|
||||
Mit diesen kannst du z.B. schauen, ob irgendwas gleich, ungleich, größer oder kleiner als etwas anderes ist.
|
||||
Hier sind ein paar dieser Operatoren:
|
||||
* "==" prüft, ob etwas gleich ist
|
||||
* "!=" prüft, ob etwas ungleich ist
|
||||
* "<" prüft, ob der Wert links kleiner ist als der Wert rechts
|
||||
* ">" prüft, ob der Wert links größer ist als der Wert rechts
|
||||
* "<=" prüft, ob der Wert links kleiner oder gleich dem Wert rechts ist
|
||||
* ">=" prüft, ob der Wert links größer oder gleich dem Wert rechts ist
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
|
||||
* Kannst du das Programm auch so abändern, dass die LED 5 Sekunden an bleibt, wenn der Knopf gedrückt wird?
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(5000);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
@@ -1,56 +1,41 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Kurs Arduino-Grundlagen oder: Wir bauen eine Ampel
|
||||
# Z-Lab Kurs Arduino-Grundlagen
|
||||
## Übersicht
|
||||
|
||||
In diesem Kurs bauen wir mit einem Mikrocontroller, drei LEDs und einem Knopf eine Ampel.
|
||||
In diesem Kurs lernen wir, einen Mikrocontroller zu Programmieren und ein paar Sachen, die man dann damit machen kann.
|
||||
|
||||
* Zuerst einmal lernen wir, was der Unterschied zwischen einem Mikrocontroller und einem normalen PC ist. Zudem, was die Vor- und Nachteile eines Mikrocontrollers sind und was man damit z.B. alles machen kann
|
||||
* Dann lernen wir die Grundstruktur eines Arduino-Programms und wie wir das Programm in Maschinensprache übersetzen und auf den Arduino laden.
|
||||
* Danach lernen wir, wie wir die auf dem Arduino feste eingebaute LED zum Blinken bringen.
|
||||
* Im nächsten Projekt lernen wir, was ein Breadboard ist und wie eine externe LED angeschlossen wird.
|
||||
* Im 4. Projekt lernen wir, wie wir einen Knopf mit dem Arduino auslesen können
|
||||
* Weil wir dann schon alles gelernt haben, um eine Ampel zu bauen kombinieren wir im letzten Projekt alles zur Ampel.
|
||||
Und hier gehts dann zu den einzelnen Übungen:
|
||||
* [Übung 1: Grundstruktur](01_Grundstruktur/)
|
||||
Zuerst lernen wir die Grundstruktur eines Arduino-Programms und wie wir das Programm in Maschinensprache übersetzen und auf den Arduino laden.
|
||||
* [Übung 2: Blinken](02_Blinken/)
|
||||
Danach lernen wir, wie wir die auf dem Arduino feste eingebaute LED zum Blinken bringen.
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Externe LED](03_Externe_LED/)
|
||||
Das Ganze machen wir dann noch mit einer externen LED, hier lernst du das Breadboard kennen
|
||||
* [Übung 4: Piepser](04_Piepser/)
|
||||
In Übrung 4 erzeugen wir Töne mit dem Arduino
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Lichtsensor](05_Lichtsensor/)
|
||||
Hier lernst du, wie ein Lichtsensor verwendet werden kann
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Schalter](06_Schalter/)
|
||||
Und natürlich müssen wir auch wissen, wie Schalter funktionieren
|
||||
|
||||
## Materialliste
|
||||
|
||||
Wir benötigen dazu folgendes:
|
||||
|
||||
* 1x Arduino Uno
|
||||
* 3x LEDs. Am besten eine rote, eine gelbe und eine grüne
|
||||
* 1x LED
|
||||
* Widerstände: 1x 220 Ohm und 1x 10k Ohm.
|
||||
* 1x einen Tastknopf
|
||||
* 1x ein sog. Breadboard
|
||||
* 1x passiver Piepser
|
||||
* Einen Satz Jumper-Kabel mit PINs auf beiden Seiten
|
||||
* 3x Widerstände. 220Ohm - 1kOhm sollten funktionieren
|
||||
|
||||
## Was ist ein Mikrocontroller und was ist der Unterschied zu einem PC
|
||||
## Die Übungen
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Viel größer, braucht viel Strom
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Kann ganz klein sein und kommt mit viel weniger Strom aus
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Viel RAM und viel Festplatte
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Sehr wenig RAM und sehr wenig Flash-Speicher
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Es sind viele Programme auf der Festplatte gespeichert, die gestartet werden können
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Es ist nur ein Programm gespeichert
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Startet und dann können mehrere Programme gleichzeitig starten (z.B. Fortnite und Discord) oder wieder beendet werde
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Hier läuft immer nur ein Programm. So lange der Mikrocontroller Strom hat läuft es, schaltet man ihn ab läuft es nicht mehr. Wie bei einer Bohrmaschine
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Es ist nicht garantiert, in welcher Zeit ein PC auf eine Eingabe reagiert (das hängt damit zusammen, dass mehrere Programme gleichzeitig laufen aber zwischendrin immer wieder pausieren)
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Hier kann ausgerechnet werden, wie lange die Reaktionszeit auf eine Eingabe ist, sodass auch innerhalb einer garantierten Zeit auf diese reagiert werden kann (für sog. Echtzeitanwendungen)
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Teuer
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Gibt es schon sehr günstig (ab ca. 2€)
|
||||
|
||||
Mikrocontroller lassen sich auch sehr leicht erweitern um WLAN-Module, Bluetooth, Sensoren und Schalter.
|
||||
|
||||
Ein Mikrocontroller kann also z.B. verwendet werden, wenn nicht viel Platz und nur wenig Strom da ist. Also z.B. für:
|
||||
* Sensoren wie Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtigkeitssensoren
|
||||
* Schalter wie ein Licht
|
||||
* Steuerungen von z.B. Robotern oder elektrischen Rolläden
|
||||
|
||||
## Die Projekte
|
||||
|
||||
Und hier gehts dann zu den einzelnen Projekten:
|
||||
* [Projekt 1: Grundstruktur](01_Grundstruktur)
|
||||
* [Projekt 2: Blinken](02_Blinken)
|
||||
* [Projekt 3: Externe LED und mehrere LEDs](03_Externe_LED)
|
||||
Und hier gehts dann zu den einzelnen Übungen:
|
||||
* [Übung 1: Grundstruktur](01_Grundstruktur/)
|
||||
* [Übung 2: Blinken](02_Blinken/)
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Externe LED](03_Externe_LED/)
|
||||
* [Übung 4: Piepser](04_Piepser/)
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Lichtsensor](05_Lichtsensor/)
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Schalter](06_Schalter/)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
||||
-- links-to-html.lua
|
||||
function Link(el)
|
||||
el.target = string.gsub(el.target, "%/", "/readme.html")
|
||||
return el
|
||||
end
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user