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@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
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// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
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// Dies ist Übung 1: Grundstruktur/Nichts tun
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// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
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// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/01_Grundstruktur
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// Die Funktion (Aufgabe) "Setup" wird beim Start des Arduinos einmal ausgeführt
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void setup() {
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//Hier stehen dann die Befehle (was ist zu tun),
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@ -12,8 +18,5 @@ void loop() {
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//Dieses Beispiel tut...?
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//Absolut gar nichts.
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//Probier es aus!
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Arduino_Grundlagen/01_Grundstruktur/arduino_anschliessen.png
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Arduino_Grundlagen/01_Grundstruktur/arduino_auswaehlen.png
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@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
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# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Projekt 1: Nichts tun...
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# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 1: Nichts tun...
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## Dafür lernen wir, wie ein Arduino-Programm (der sog. Sketch) aufgebaut ist
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Öffne zuerst den Sketch für dieses Projekt über die Arduino-IDE.
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Öffne zuerst den Sketch für diese Übung über die Arduino-IDE.
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Das geht über Datei-> Sketchbook -> Z-Lab -> Arduino_Grundlagen -> 01_Grundstruktur:
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Nun siehst du den Quellcode eines Programmes für den Arduino, das absolut gar nichts machen wird.
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Dazwischen sind auch ein paar Kommentare, damit du auch nachvollziehen kannst, was alles bedeutet, wenn du diese Seite nicht offen hast.
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@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ Also im Falle der Wasserflasche die Wasserflasche.
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> Und sicher ist dir in dem Beispiel schon aufgefallen, dass Funktionsnamen kein Umlaute haben dürfen.
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Ganz wichtig sind die Klammern "()" am Ende der Funktion. Erst dadurch wird die Funkion auch zur Funktion und kann nicht mit einer Variable (kommen wir im Nächsten Projekt dazu) oder anderen Elementen verwechselt werden.
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Ganz wichtig sind die Klammern "()" am Ende der Funktion. Erst dadurch wird die Funkion auch zur Funktion und kann nicht mit einer Variable (kommen wir in der nächsten Übung dazu) oder anderen Elementen verwechselt werden.
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### Die Funktion "setup"
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Die Funktion "setup" ist eine ganz spezielle Funktion. "Setup" ist englisch und heißt auf Deutsch so viel wie "Aufbau" oder "Einrichtung". Diese Funktion wird einmal ausgeführt, nachdem der Arduino mit Strom versorgt (also eingeschaltet) wird. Alles, was nur einmal gemacht werden muss, um die Aufgabe zu erledigen, die unser Programm erleidgen muss, muss hier rein.
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Das ist wie wenn du mit deinem Lego spielst: Zuerst musst du das Lego holen, dich irgendwo hinsetzen und dann das Lego auspacken. Wenn du dann mit dem Lego z.B. ein Haus baust hast du das Lego schon da und musst nur immer wieder in die Kiste greifen. Und hier kommt die zweite Funktion aus diesem Projekt ins Spiel
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Das ist wie wenn du mit deinem Lego spielst: Zuerst musst du das Lego holen, dich irgendwo hinsetzen und dann das Lego auspacken. Wenn du dann mit dem Lego z.B. ein Haus baust hast du das Lego schon da und musst nur immer wieder in die Kiste greifen. Und hier kommt die zweite Funktion aus dieser Übung ins Spiel
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### Die Funktion Loop
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Die Funktion "loop" ist das zweite wirklich relevante in diesem Beispiel:
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@ -76,11 +76,20 @@ void loop() {
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Unser Programm tut also gar nichts... Das ist aber nicht schlimm, denn wir schicken das trotzdem mal an den Arduino, um zu lernen, wie das geht und zu überprüfen, ob das denn auch stimmt.
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Damit wir das Programm auf den Arduino laden können müssen wir den Arduino an den PC anschließen.
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Zudem muss die Arduino-IDE wissen, welchen Arduino wir verwenden.
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Schließe den Arduino mit dem USB-Kabel an den PC an:
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Um der Arduino-IDE zu sagen, welchen Arduino du hast wähle oben aus dem Drop-Down den eben angeschlossenen Arduino aus:
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Dazu drücken wir in der Arduino-IDE oben auf den Knopf oben links, auf dem ein Haken ist. Wenn du mit der Maus drüber fährst dann erscheint da ein "Überprüfen" als sog. "Tooltip":
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Dadurch wird das Programm, das wir offen haben vom Compiler überprüft und kompiliert. Wenn dieser keinen Fehler feststellt erscheinten unten link kurz "Kompilieren Erolgreich!". Das sieht dann so aus:
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@ -96,4 +105,4 @@ Du hast gerade dein erstes Programm in Maschinencode übersetzt und auf den Ardu
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Auch wenn das Programm noch nichts tut so weißt du jetzt, was die Funktionen setup und loop machen und wie du ein Programm so übersetzt, dass der Arduino weiß, was er zu tun hat und wie du es hochlädst.
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Also schnell weiter zum nächsten Projekt denn da bekommt der Arduino jetzt auch etwas zu tun :)
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Also schnell [weiter zur nächsten Übung](../02_Blinken/) denn da bekommt der Arduino jetzt auch etwas zu tun :)
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@ -1,10 +1,30 @@
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// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
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// Dies ist Übung 2: Blinken
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// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
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// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/02_Blinken
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void setup() {
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// Der PIN-Mode legt fest, ob ein Anschluss des Arduino als Eingabe oder Ausgabe verwendert werden soll
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// OUTPUT steht für Ausgabe, INPUT wäre Eingabe
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// Mit LED_BUILTIN sagen wir, dass die LED, die fest auf dem Arduino installiert ist, verwendet werden soll
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pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
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}
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void loop() {
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// digitalWrite schreibt einen Wert auf einen Anschluss.
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// Damit lässt sich z.B. etwas (wie bei uns eine LED) ein- oder ausschalten
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// Hinter "HIGH" versteckt sich die 1, damit lässt sich die LED einschalten
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digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
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// delay verzögert das Programm um eine bestimmte Zeit (Milisekunden)
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// Danach gehts einfach weiter
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delay(1000);
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// und wieder digitalWrite.
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// Dieses Mal schalten wir die LED aus
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digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
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// Und dann warten wir wieder eine Sekunde, bevor es neu los geht
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delay(1000);
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}
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// Was muss denn nun gemacht werden, damit die LED schneller oder langsamer blinkt?
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// Wie müsste das Programm aussehen, damit die LED zweimal kurz und einmal lang leuchtet?
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@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
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# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Projekt 2: Blinken
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# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 2: Blinken
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In diesem Projekt lassen wir eine LED blinken.
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In dieser Übung lassen wir eine LED blinken.
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Das gute an diesem Beispiel ist, dass wir hierfür auch wieder nichts brauchen außer den Arduino, einen Computer, das passende Kabel und die Arduino-IDE, die wir ja ohnehin schon installiert haben.
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Denn die meisten Arduinos haben eine eingebaute LED, die man programmieren kann.
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Zuerst öffnen wir das Projekt 02_Blinken über "Datei" -> "Sketchbook" -> "Z-Lab" -> "Arduino_Grundlagen" -> 02_Blinken:
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Zuerst öffnen wir doe Übung 02_Blinken über "Datei" -> "Sketchbook" -> "Z-Lab" -> "Arduino_Grundlagen" -> 02_Blinken:
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In der Datei 02_Blinken.ino finden wir folgenden Quellcode:
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@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ void setup() {
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}
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```
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Im letzten Projekt haben wir gelernt, dass die setup-Funktion nur einmal ausgeführt wird, wenn der Arduino gestartet wird.
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In der letzten Übung haben wir gelernt, dass die setup-Funktion nur einmal ausgeführt wird, wenn der Arduino gestartet wird.
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In dieser setup-Funktion befindet sich nur ein Befehl. Dieser lautet "pinMode".
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Die pinMode-Funktion wird nicht wie die setup-Funktion einfach mit Klammern geschrieben sondern in den Klammern stehen noch weitere Zeichen. Diese nennen sich Parameter, Argumente oder Optionen. Gemeint ist damit das gleiche.
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Nehmen wir noch mal das Beispiel mit der Wasserflasche im Kühlschrank aus dem letzten Projekt.
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Nehmen wir noch mal das Beispiel mit der Wasserflasche im Kühlschrank aus der letzten Übung.
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Wenn ihr manchmal nicht nur die Wasserflasche aus dem Kühlschrank braucht sondern vielleicht auch mal eine Karotte oder irgendwas anderes dann wäre es doch praktisch, ihr müsstet nicht für alles, was sich im Kühlschrank befindet eine neue Funktion schreiben.
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So wie ihr eure Eltern fragt, ob sie euch die Wasserflasche geben können könnt ihr sie ja auch fragen, ob sie euch eine Karotte geben können.
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Wir könnten also sagen, wir machen eine Funktion, die heißt:
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@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Ein PIN ist ein Anschluss am Arduino. Wenn du auf den Arduino schaust dann hat d
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Dann haben wir hier noch etwas neues, das nennt sich "Makro".
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Ein Makro ist wie ein Platzhalter, der aber nicht mehr veränderbar ist.
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Ein Makro wird einmal definiert und dann bleibt es wie es ist, anders als Variablen (kommen wir in einem späteren Projekt dazu), die später noch veränderbar sind.
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Ein Makro wird einmal definiert und dann bleibt es wie es ist, anders als Variablen (kommen wir in einer späteren Übung dazu), die später noch veränderbar sind.
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Ein Makro, das wir hier haben hat den Namen "LED_BUILTIN".
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Dahinter steht eine Zahl, und zwar die PIN, an der die im Arduino eingebaute LED angebracht ist.
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@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Hier steht "HIGH" (wieder ein Makro) für "An" in Form einer 1 und "LOW" für "A
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*Marko-Wert von LOW*
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Dann gibt es noch eine weitere Funktion in unserem Projekt:
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Dann gibt es noch eine weitere Funktion in unserer Übung:
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```c
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void loop() {
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@ -135,3 +135,5 @@ Jetzt können wir das Programm wieder kompilieren und hochladen. Es reicht sogar
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Ob alles funktioniert siehst du, wenn die LED auf dem Arduino regelmäßig im Sekundentakt ein- und ausgeschaltet wird:
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Hier gehts [weiter zur nächsten Übung](../03_Externe_LED/)
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@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
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// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
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// Dies ist Übung 3: Externe LED
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// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
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// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/03_Externe_LED
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// Dort findest du auch eine Skizze für die Verkabelung
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// Anders als bei den bisherigen Programmen gibt es jetzt keine Lösung sondern du musst die Lösung selbst finden.
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// Wie muss das Programm geändert werden, damit die LED, die nun ja an PIN 12 angeschlossen ist, blinkt?
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// Wenn du gar keine Idee hast oder es einfach nicht klappen will dann findest du Lösungsvorschläge am Ende der ausführlichen Beschreibung
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void setup() {
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pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
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}
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@ -1,376 +0,0 @@
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 75.6484, 115.9)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D12/MISO</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 73.2715, 137.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 75.9629, 144.699)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">ICSP2 SCK</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 73.2715, 151.9)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">ICSP2 MOSI</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 29.5)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">RESET</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 36.6992)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">RESET2</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 43.9004)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">AREF</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 51.0996)">
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 65.5)">
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 72.6992)">
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 79.9004)">
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 87.0996)">
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<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A3</text>
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||||
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||||
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 94.3008)">
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||||
<g fill="none" height="0.701" id="connector5terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="100.449"/>
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||||
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 137.5)">
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||||
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||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector88terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector57pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector57terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector44pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector44terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector50pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
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||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector50terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector89pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 20.5669, 57.8026)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -106.047, 37.7339)">
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||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector89terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector86pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="36" x2="36" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 12.9469, 5.69736)">
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||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.2948, 23.7523)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">3V3</text>
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||||
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||||
</g>
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||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector86terminal" width="0.7" x="35.65" y="-0.35"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector40pin" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector40terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector46pin" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector46terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector87pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 18.0269, 5.69736)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -14.3671, 33.0727)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">5V</text>
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||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector87terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector90pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="64.8" x2="64.8" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 23.1069, 5.69736)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.1776, 42.3931)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">VIN</text>
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||||
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|
||||
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||||
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||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector90terminal" width="0.701" x="64.449" y="-0.35"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 46.7871, 81.3828)">
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label">Arduino</text>
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||||
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_1_">Uno</text>
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||||
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 48.5938, 90.4492)">
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||||
<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_2_">(Rev3)</text>
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||||
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 50.1426, 94.9844)">
|
||||
<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_3_">ICSP</text>
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||||
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||||
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||||
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|
||||
</g>
|
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<g partID="62640">
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<g transform="translate(155.303,128.35)">
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||||
<g transform="matrix(0,-1,1,0,0,0)">
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<g id="schematic" >
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<line class="other" stroke="#000000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.432002" x1="8.63003" x2="10.43" y1="0.216" y2="5.976"/>
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<line class="other" stroke="#000000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.432002" x1="12.23" x2="14.03" y1="0.216" y2="5.976"/>
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<line class="other" stroke="#000000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.432002" x1="14.03" x2="15.8301" y1="5.976" y2="0.216"/>
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<line class="other" stroke="#000000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.432002" x1="15.8301" x2="17.6301" y1="0.216" y2="5.976"/>
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||||
<g class="terminal" fill="none" height="0.000283465" id="connector1terminal" stroke="none" stroke-width="0" width="0.000283466" x="29.1502" y="3.096"/>
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<line class="pin" connectorname="1" id="connector0pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.700001" x1="0.350001" x2="7.55002" y1="3.096" y2="3.096"/>
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<g class="terminal" fill="none" height="0.000283465" id="connector0terminal" stroke="none" stroke-width="0" width="0.000283466" x="0.350001" y="3.096"/>
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<text class="text" fill="#8c8c8c" font-family="'Droid Sans'" font-size="2.50001" stroke="none" stroke-width="0" text-anchor="middle" x="3.95001" y="2.046">1</text>
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<g partID="64970">
|
||||
<line stroke="#fa50e6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.4" x1="158.399" x2="158.399" y1="149.6" y2="128"/>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g partID="64990">
|
||||
<line stroke="#8c3b00" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.4" x1="158.399" x2="108" y1="99.2" y2="128"/>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g id="partLabel" partID="58270">
|
||||
<g transform="translate(108,0)">
|
||||
<g fill="#000000" fill-opacity="1" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="5.000" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" id="schematicLabel" stroke="none">
|
||||
<text x="0" y="5.000">Part1</text>
|
||||
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|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g id="partLabel" partID="62440">
|
||||
<g transform="translate(162.178,138.184)">
|
||||
<g fill="#000000" fill-opacity="1" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="5.000" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" id="schematicLabel" stroke="none">
|
||||
<text x="0" y="5.000">LED1</text>
|
||||
<text x="0" y="10.000">Red (633nm)</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g id="partLabel" partID="62640">
|
||||
<g transform="translate(173.149,94.5043)">
|
||||
<g fill="#000000" fill-opacity="1" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="5.000" font-style="normal" font-weight="normal" id="schematicLabel" stroke="none">
|
||||
<text x="0" y="5.000">R1</text>
|
||||
<text x="0" y="10.000">220Ω</text>
|
||||
<text x="0" y="15.000">±5%</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</svg>
|
||||
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 32 KiB |
Binary file not shown.
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 112 KiB |
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/03_Externe_LED/breadboard.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/03_Externe_LED/breadboard.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 239 KiB |
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/03_Externe_LED/externe_led_breadboard.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/03_Externe_LED/externe_led_breadboard.png
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|
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|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 22 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 22 KiB |
@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Projekt 3: Externe LED und mehrere LEDs
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 3: Externe LED
|
||||
|
||||
In diesem Projekt lassen wir wieder LEDs blinken.
|
||||
In dieser Übung lassen wir wieder eine LED blinken.
|
||||
Allerdings dieses Mal eine externe.
|
||||
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir das Projekt über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "03_Externe_LED"
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir die Übung über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "03_Externe_LED"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Wenn du dieses Projekt öffnest wunderst du dich bestimmt. Das sieht ja genau so aus wie beim letzten Mal.
|
||||
Wenn du diese Übung öffnest wunderst du dich bestimmt. Das sieht ja genau so aus wie beim letzten Mal.
|
||||
|
||||
Genau! Um mehrere LEDs und auch externe LEDs anzusteuern reicht unser C-Wissen aus den letzten beiden Projekten völlig aus. Wir müssen nur das gelernte neu kombinieren und schon können wir externe LEDs und auch mehrere LEDs anschließen und unterschiedlich blinken lassen.
|
||||
Genau! Um die externe (vorsicht, Spoiler) sogar beide LEDs anzusteuern reicht unser C-Wissen aus den letzten beiden Übungen völlig aus. Wir müssen nur das gelernte neu kombinieren und schon können wir externe LEDs und auch mehrere LEDs anschließen und unterschiedlich blinken lassen.
|
||||
|
||||
Und wir müssen lernen, was ein Breadboard ist :)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -18,17 +18,9 @@ Und wir müssen lernen, was ein Breadboard ist :)
|
||||
Ein Breadboard ist eine Steckplatine, die es uns erstpart alles, was wir mal testen wollen, löten zu müssen.
|
||||
Dabei sind die Löcher an der Außenseite der Platine längs miteinander verbunden und die Löcher im Inneren der Platine sind quer miteinander verbunden:
|
||||
|
||||
//TODO: BILD
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Wenn wir nun einen Stromkreis brauchen, der eine LED, einen Widerstand und den Arduino miteinander verbindet dann müssten wir ohne das Breadboard einen Stromkreis basteln, der so aussieht:
|
||||
|
||||
//TODO: BILD
|
||||
|
||||
Oder wir löten auf einer normalen Platine einen Stromkreis wie diesen hier:
|
||||
|
||||
//TODO: BILD
|
||||
|
||||
Wenn wir nun aber ein paar Sachen hintereinander ausprobieren möchten müssten wir ja immer wieder umbasteln oder umlöten. Das macht auf Dauer keinen Spaß. Deshalb gibt es die Breadboards. Damit lässt sich ein Stromkreis oder eine Schaltung leicht und ohne Werkzeug bauen und wieder verändern.
|
||||
Wenn wir nun aber ein paar Sachen hintereinander ausprobieren möchten müssten wir ja immer wieder neu umlöten. Das macht auf Dauer keinen Spaß. Deshalb gibt es die Breadboards. Damit lässt sich ein Stromkreis oder eine Schaltung leicht und ohne Werkzeug bauen und wieder verändern.
|
||||
|
||||
## Verkabeln wir also die LED mit dem Widerstand mit dem Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
@ -39,7 +31,7 @@ So muss da aussehen, wenn wir fertig sind:
|
||||
Für den Aufbau gehen wir wie folgt vor:
|
||||
* Die LED kommt in ein Breadboard
|
||||
Die beiden Beinchen in zwei verschiedene Spalten stecken
|
||||
* an die längere Seite der LED schließen wir den Widerstand an.
|
||||
* an die längere Seite der LED schließen wir den 220 Ohm Widerstand an.
|
||||
Dazu stecken wir den Widerstand in die gleiche Spalte wie die LED
|
||||
* Das andere Ende des Widerstands verbinden wir mit dem Ausgang 12 des Arduino
|
||||
Dazu stecken wir ein rotes Kabel in die Spalte dem Widerstand und mit dem anderen Ende auf den Pin 12 des Arduino.
|
||||
@ -47,9 +39,15 @@ Für den Aufbau gehen wir wie folgt vor:
|
||||
Dazu stecken wir eine Seite eines schwarzen Kabels an einen der GND-Eingänge des Arduino.
|
||||
Die andere Seite stecken wir in die Spalte, in der das kurze Beinchen der LED noch alleine Steck.
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
Wenn alles fertig ist sieht das in etwa so aus:
|
||||
|
||||
* Wie müssen wir den Code anpassen, damit die externe LED blinkt?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
Und damit es ein bisschen spannender wird gibt es hier keinen fertigen Code.
|
||||
Genaugenommen weißt du schon alles, was du wissen musst, damit die externe LED, die an PIN 12 angeschlossen ist, blinkt.
|
||||
|
||||
Wenn du gar nicht weiter kommst kannst du hier drücken, um Lösungsvorschläge zu sehen:
|
||||
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>hier klicken für (zwei mögliche) Lösungen</summary>
|
||||
@ -86,8 +84,6 @@ So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
|
||||
* Was müssten wir denn tun, wenn wir beide LEDs (die interne und die externe) abwechselnd blinken lassen wollten?
|
||||
* Und wir müssten wir vorgehen, wenn wir 3 LEDs nacheinander blinken lassen wollen?
|
||||
@ -100,9 +96,25 @@ So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
### Lösung mit #define
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
#define LED1 12
|
||||
#define LED2 13
|
||||
|
||||
TODO: hier Lösungsvorschläge
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED1, HIGH);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED2, LOW);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED1, LOW);
|
||||
digitalWrite(LED2, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
Hier gehts [weiter zur nächsten Übung](../04_Piepser/)
|
||||
|
||||
27
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/04_Piepser.ino
Normal file
27
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/04_Piepser.ino
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
|
||||
// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
|
||||
// Dies ist Übung 4: Ein Piepser
|
||||
// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
|
||||
// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser
|
||||
// Dort findest du auch eine Skizze für die Verkabelung
|
||||
|
||||
// Den Piepser schließen wir an PIN 12 an
|
||||
// Damit wir es leichter haben, wenn sich das mal ändert speichern wir die 12 in einer
|
||||
// sogenannten Konstante, die "PIEPSER" heißt.
|
||||
// Das ist so wie bei LED_BUILTIN in der zweiten Übung
|
||||
#define PIEPSER 12
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(PIEPSER, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
// mit tone() lassen wir den Piepser Töne machen. Hier lassen wir ihn einen Ton mit einer Frequenz von 1KHz erzeugen
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
// und hiermit geht der Piepser wieder aus
|
||||
noTone(PIEPSER);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Kannst du auch eine Melodie mit dem Arduino erzeugen?
|
||||
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.fzz
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.fzz
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 180 KiB |
5577
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.svg
Normal file
5577
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/Piepser.svg
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 359 KiB |
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/oeffnen.png
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BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/oeffnen.png
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|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 60 KiB |
89
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/readme.md
Normal file
89
Arduino_Grundlagen/04_Piepser/readme.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 4: Piepser
|
||||
|
||||
In dieser Übung erzeugen wir Töne mit einem Piepser.
|
||||
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir die Übung über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "04_Piepser"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Verkabeln wir den Piepser mit dem Arduino mit dem Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
So muss da aussehen, wenn wir fertig sind:
|
||||
|
||||
<img src="Piepser.svg">
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
|
||||
In der Datei 04_Piepser.ino finden wir (ohne die ganzen Kommentare) folgenden Quellcode:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
#define PIEPSER 12
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(PIEPSER, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
noTone(PIEPSER);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Neu ist hier, dass wir schon vor der Setup-Funktion "etwas machen".
|
||||
Dinge, die außerhalb der Funktionen gemacht werden stehen allen Funktionen zur Verfügung.
|
||||
|
||||
## define
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
#define PIEPSER 12
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Mit "#define" erstellen (definieren, wie define) wir eine sogenanntes Makro mit dem Namen "PIEPSER", das die 12 enthält.
|
||||
Überall später im Quellcode wird "PIEPSER" mit 12 ersetzt.
|
||||
Das macht es uns ein bisschen einfacher, denn:
|
||||
* Wir müssen uns die 12 nicht merken, an der der Piepser hängt sondern können einfach immer "PIEPSER" schreiben, wenn wir mit dem Piepser etwas machen wollen
|
||||
* Wir können den Anschluss, an dem der Piepser hängt ganz einfach ändern, in dem wir einfach nur die 12 durch etwas anderes ersetzen und müssen nicht im ganzen Code nach der 12 suchen
|
||||
|
||||
## tone() und noTone()
|
||||
|
||||
Wie der Name schon sagt ;)
|
||||
Mit "tone()" erzeugen ir einen Ton.
|
||||
Dabei ist der erste Parameter der Funktion der PIN (Anschluss), an dem der Piepser angeschlossen ist
|
||||
der zweite Parameter ist die Frequenz, die der ton haben soll. In unserem Beispiel sin das 1000 Hz.
|
||||
|
||||
Und mit noTone() hört der Piepser wieder auf.
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
|
||||
noTone(PIEPSER);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
|
||||
* Kannst du auch eine Melodie abspielen?
|
||||
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
#define PIEPSER 12
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(PIEPSER, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 500);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 1000);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, 500);
|
||||
delay(1000);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
Hier gehts [weiter zur nächsten Übung](../05_Lichtsensor/)
|
||||
@ -1,431 +0,0 @@
|
||||
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|
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|
||||
<g partID="58270">
|
||||
<g transform="translate(0,5.6)">
|
||||
<g id="schematic">
|
||||
<rect fill="#FFFFFF" height="150.3" stroke="#000000" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.3175" width="78.3" x="14.85" y="14.85"/>
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<line fill="none" id="connector61pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="28.8" y2="28.8"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 82.2441, 29.5)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D0/RX</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector61terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="28.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector62pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="36" y2="36"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 82.4922, 36.6992)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D1/TX</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector62terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="35.65"/>
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||||
<line fill="none" id="connector63pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="43.2" y2="43.2"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 87.5273, 43.9004)">
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||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D2</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector63terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="42.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector64pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="50.4" y2="50.4"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 78.4629, 51.0996)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D3 PWM</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector64terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="50.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector65pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="57.6" y2="57.6"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 87.5273, 58.3008)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D4</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector65terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="57.25"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector66pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="64.8" y2="64.8"/>
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||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 78.4629, 65.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D5 PWM</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector66terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="64.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector67pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="72" y2="72"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 78.4629, 72.6992)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D6 PWM</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector67terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="71.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector68pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="79.2" y2="79.2"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 87.5273, 79.9004)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D7</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector68terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="78.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector51pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="86.4" y2="86.4"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 87.5273, 87.0996)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D8</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector51terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="86.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector52pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="93.6" y2="93.6"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 78.4629, 94.3008)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D9 PWM</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector52terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="93.25"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector53pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="100.8" y2="100.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 71.5977, 101.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D10 PWM/SS</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.701" id="connector53terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="100.449"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector54pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="108" y2="108"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 66.584, 108.699)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D11 PWM/MOSI</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector54terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="107.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector55pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="115.2" y2="115.2"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 75.6484, 115.9)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D12/MISO</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector55terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="114.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector41pin" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="122.4" y2="122.4"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector41terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="122.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector56pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="122.4" y2="122.4"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 78.3398, 123.1)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">D13/SCK</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector56terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="122.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector45pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="136.8" y2="136.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 73.2715, 137.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">ICSP2 MISO</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector45terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="136.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector47pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="144" y2="144"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 75.9629, 144.699)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">ICSP2 SCK</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector47terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="143.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector48pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="93.25" x2="107.65" y1="151.2" y2="151.2"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 73.2715, 151.9)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">ICSP2 MOSI</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector48terminal" width="0.699" x="107.65" y="150.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector43pin" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="28.8" y2="28.8"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector43terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="28.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector85pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="28.8" y2="28.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 29.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">RESET</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector85terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="28.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector49pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="36" y2="36"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 36.6992)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">RESET2</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector49terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="35.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector58pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="43.2" y2="43.2"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 43.9004)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">AREF</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector58terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="42.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector84pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="50.4" y2="50.4"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 51.0996)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">IOREF</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector84terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="50.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector0pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="64.8" y2="64.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 65.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A0</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector0terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="64.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector1pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="72" y2="72"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 72.6992)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A1</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector1terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="71.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector2pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="79.2" y2="79.2"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 79.9004)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A2</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector2terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="78.85"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector3pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="86.4" y2="86.4"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 87.0996)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A3</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector3terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="86.05"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector39pin" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="93.6" y2="93.6"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector39terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="93.25"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector42pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="107.65" x2="93.251" y1="108" y2="108"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector42terminal" width="0.701" x="107.65" y="107.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector4pin" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="93.6" y2="93.6"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector4terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="93.25"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector59pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="93.6" y2="93.6"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 94.3008)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A4/SDA</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector59terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="93.25"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector5pin" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="100.8" y2="100.8"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.701" id="connector5terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="100.449"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector60pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="100.8" y2="100.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 101.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">A5/SCL</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.701" id="connector60terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="100.449"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector91pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="0.35" x2="14.75" y1="136.8" y2="136.8"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 16.1504, 137.5)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">N/C</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector91terminal" width="0.7" x="-0.35" y="136.45"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector88pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector88terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector57pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector57terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector44pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector44terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector50pin" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector50terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector89pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="57.6" x2="57.6" y1="165.25" y2="179.65"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 20.5669, 57.8026)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -106.047, 37.7339)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">GND</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.699" id="connector89terminal" width="0.699" x="57.25" y="179.65"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector86pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="36" x2="36" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 12.9469, 5.69736)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.2948, 23.7523)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">3V3</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector86terminal" width="0.7" x="35.65" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector40pin" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector40terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector46pin" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector46terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector87pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="50.4" x2="50.4" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 18.0269, 5.69736)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -14.3671, 33.0727)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">5V</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
<g fill="none" height="0.7" id="connector87terminal" width="0.7" x="50.05" y="-0.35"/>
|
||||
<line fill="none" id="connector90pin" stroke="#787878" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="0.2469" x1="64.8" x2="64.8" y1="0.35" y2="14.75"/>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 23.1069, 5.69736)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="rotate(270)">
|
||||
<g>
|
||||
<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, -16.1776, 42.3931)">
|
||||
<text fill="#8C8C8C" font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="3.5">VIN</text>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 50.4883, 85.916)">
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<text font-family="'DroidSans'" font-size="4.25" id="label_1_">Uno</text>
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<g transform="matrix(1, 0, 0, 1, 48.5938, 90.4492)">
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|
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|
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<text x="0" y="5.000">LED1</text>
|
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<text x="0" y="10.000">Red (633nm)</text>
|
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|
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<text x="0" y="5.000">R1</text>
|
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<text x="0" y="10.000">220Ω</text>
|
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<text x="0" y="15.000">±5%</text>
|
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|
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<text x="0" y="5.000">S1</text>
|
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|
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</g>
|
||||
</g>
|
||||
</svg>
|
||||
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 36 KiB |
@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
|
||||
|
||||
const int buttonPin = 12;
|
||||
const int ledPin = 13;
|
||||
|
||||
int buttonState = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.fzz
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.fzz
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
31
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.ino
Normal file
31
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.ino
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
|
||||
// Dies ist Übung 5: Ein Lichtsensor (analoger Sensor)
|
||||
// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
|
||||
// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor
|
||||
// Dort findest du auch eine Skizze für die Verkabelung
|
||||
|
||||
// Hier legen wir fest, wo der Sensor angeschlossen werden soll, nämlich am Port A0
|
||||
int sensorPin = A0;
|
||||
// für die Anzeige verwenden wir wieder die LED auf dem Arduino
|
||||
int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
|
||||
// Und zum Speichern der Helligkeit brauchen wir eine Variable, die eine Zahl (int wie Integer, also eine Ganzzahl ohne Vorzeichen - wie eine natürliche Zahl) speichern kann
|
||||
int sensorWert = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
// analogRead liest die aktuelle Helligkeit vom Lichtsensor
|
||||
// Der Lichtsensor gibt eine Zahl zwischen 0 (für ganz dunkel) und 1000 (für ganz hell) zurück
|
||||
sensorWert = analogRead(sensorPin);
|
||||
// jetzt schalten iwr die LED ein
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
// Dann warten wir...
|
||||
// Wir warten so lange, wie der Lichtsensor gesagt hat, dass es hell ist
|
||||
// Also wenn es heller ist warten wir länger, weil die Zahl, die der Lichtsensor zurückgegeben hat größer ist
|
||||
// Wenn es dunkler ist warten wir kürzer, weil die Zahl, die zurückgegeben wurde kleiner ist
|
||||
delay(sensorWert);
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
delay(sensorWert);
|
||||
}
|
||||
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 155 KiB |
5581
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.svg
Normal file
5581
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/05_Lichtsensor.svg
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 363 KiB |
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/oeffnen.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/oeffnen.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 65 KiB |
114
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/readme.md
Normal file
114
Arduino_Grundlagen/05_Lichtsensor/readme.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 5: Lichtsensor (analoger Sensor)
|
||||
|
||||
In dieser Übung lesen wir einen Lichtsensor, einen sog. analogen Sensor aus.
|
||||
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir die Übung über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "05_Lichtsensor"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Verkabeln wir den Lichtsensor mit dem Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
* zuerst verbinden wir ein Beinchen des Lichsensors mit dem 5V-Anschluss des Arduino
|
||||
* An das zweite Beinchen schließen wir einen 10k-Ohm Widerstand an
|
||||
* Das zweite Beinchen des 10k-Ohm Widerstands verbinden wir mit GND auf dem Arduino
|
||||
* Da, wo sich der Lichtsensor und das 10k-Ohm Widerstand "berühren" stecken wir noch ein Kabel zum Eingang A0 des Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
So muss da aussehen, wenn wir fertig sind:
|
||||
|
||||
<img src="05_Lichtsensor.svg">
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
|
||||
In der Datei 05_Lichtsensor.ino finden wir (ohne die ganzen Kommentare) folgenden Quellcode:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
int sensorPin = A0;
|
||||
int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
|
||||
int sensorWert = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
sensorWert = analogRead(sensorPin);
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(sensorWert);
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
delay(sensorWert);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Eigentlich gibt es hier gar nicht viel Neues.
|
||||
Das Eine das in dieser Übung neu ist ist, dass wir die Ausgabe von einer Funktion als Eingabe für eine andere Funktion verwenden.
|
||||
Das ist super praktisch, weil wir dann mit Werten, die z.B. von einem Sensor kommen, etwas machen können.
|
||||
|
||||
Das Andere ist, dass wir einen analogen Sensor auswählen.
|
||||
Der Sensor gibt uns eine Zahl zwischen 0 und 1000 zurück, die wir in unserem Programm verwenden können.
|
||||
|
||||
## Zuweisen von Werten
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
sensorWert = analogRead(sensorPin);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
In dieser Zeile nehmen wir den Wert, den der Lichtsensor zurückgibt und "packen" oder "speichern" ihn in der Variable "sensorWert".
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
delay(sensorWert);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Die Funktion delay() kennen wir schon aus den anderen Übungen. Bisher haben wir immer eine Zahl wie 100 oder 1000 angegeben, um zu bestimmen, wie lange das Programm verzögert werden soll.
|
||||
Jetzt nehmen wir den Wert, den uns der Lichtsensor gegeben hat und sagen der delay()-Funktion, dass sie zwischen 0 und 1000 Milisekunden warten soll... Je nachdem, ob heller oder dunkler ist.
|
||||
|
||||
## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
|
||||
* hast du noch den Piepser zur Hand? Könntest du den Piepser heller oder dunkler piepsen lassen, je nachdem, wie hell oder dunkel es ist?
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
|
||||
#define PIEPSER 12
|
||||
int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
|
||||
int sensorPin = A0;
|
||||
int sensorWert = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(PIEPSER, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
sensorWert = analogRead(sensorPin);
|
||||
tone(PIEPSER, sensorWert);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
* Und wie müsste das Programm aussehen, wenn wir ohne die Variable "sensorWert" auskommen wollten?
|
||||
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
|
||||
int sensorPin = A0;
|
||||
int ledPin = LED_BUILTIN;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
// Hier wir dei Ausgabe von analogRead() direkt an die Funktion delay() übergeben, ohne diese zuerst abzuspeichern. Das geht auch, ist aber unübersichtlicher
|
||||
delay(analogRead(sensorPin));
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
// hier noch mal
|
||||
delay(analogRead(sensorPin));
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
Hier gehts [weiter zur nächsten Übung](../06_Schalter/)
|
||||
29
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/06_Schalter.ino
Normal file
29
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/06_Schalter.ino
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
|
||||
// Arduino Grundkurs des Z-Lab Bruchsal.
|
||||
// Dies ist Übung 6: Ein Schalter
|
||||
// Eine ausführliche Beschreibung mit Erklärungen findest du hier:
|
||||
// https://git.digital-infinity.de/DigitalInfinity/Z-Lab/src/branch/main/Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter
|
||||
// Dort findest du auch eine Skizze für die Verkabelung
|
||||
|
||||
const int buttonPin = 12;
|
||||
const int ledPin = 13;
|
||||
|
||||
int buttonState = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
|
||||
// Wenn (if) der Schalter gedrückt ist (HIGH steht für 1, also Strom fließt)...
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
// DAnn mach das hier (LED an)
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
// Ansonsten (else)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
// mach das hier (LED aus)
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
Before Width: | Height: | Size: 367 KiB After Width: | Height: | Size: 367 KiB |
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/oeffnen.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/oeffnen.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 72 KiB |
101
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/readme.md
Normal file
101
Arduino_Grundlagen/06_Schalter/readme.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Arduino-Grundkurs Übung 6: Ein Schalter (ein digitaler Sensor)
|
||||
|
||||
In dieser Übung verwenden wir einen Schalter.
|
||||
|
||||
Zuerst öffnen wir die Übung über den gewohnten Weg. Der Name ist "06_Schalter"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Verkabeln wir den Piepser mit dem Arduino mit dem Arduino
|
||||
|
||||
So muss da aussehen, wenn wir fertig sind:
|
||||
|
||||
<img src="06_Schalter.svg">
|
||||
|
||||
So und dann geht's wieder ans Programmieren.
|
||||
|
||||
In der Datei 06_Schalter.ino finden wir (ohne die ganzen Kommentare) folgenden Quellcode:
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
const int buttonPin = 12;
|
||||
const int ledPin = 13;
|
||||
|
||||
int buttonState = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
void setup() {
|
||||
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
|
||||
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
void loop() {
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Auch hier hast du das meiste schon gesehen.
|
||||
Wir haben hier aber unsere erste sogenannte Kontrollstruktur.
|
||||
Kontrollstrukturen sorgen dafür, dass Programme unter bestimmten Bedingungen nur bestimmte Dinge machen oder oder nicht machen.
|
||||
Wir erklären das gleich ganz genau :)
|
||||
|
||||
## digitalRead()
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Die Funktion digitalRead() liest einen digitalen Sensor aus.
|
||||
Ein Schalter wie in unserem Beispiel gibt nur die 0 zurück, wenn er nicht gedrückt ist oder gibt die 1 zurück, wenn er gedrückt ist.
|
||||
Dazwischen gibt es nicht.
|
||||
Damit wir gleich wissen, ob der Knopf gedrückt ist oder nicht speichern wir das Ergebnis in der Variable "buttonState" ab, also Schalterstatus.
|
||||
|
||||
## if else (und elseif)
|
||||
|
||||
Jetzt verwenden wir die Variable "buttonState" und schauchen, ob der Knopf gedrückt ist.
|
||||
Dazu gibt es if, else und (wird hier nicht verwendet elseif):
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
"if" heißt "wenn". Wenn also der buttonStage "HIGH" wie "an" ist dann soll das gemacht werden, was zwischen den geschwungenen Klammern steht, also die LED soll eingeschaltet werden.
|
||||
"else", also "ansonsten" soll das gemacht werden, was in der zweiten Klammer steht.
|
||||
Es gibt auch noch "elseif", das heißt so viel wie "ansonsten wenn".
|
||||
|
||||
Um Dinge zu vergleichen gibt es viele verschiedene Möglichkeiten, sogenannte Operatoren.
|
||||
Mit diesen kannst du z.B. schauen, ob irgendwas gleich, ungleich, größer oder kleiner als etwas anderes ist.
|
||||
Hier sind ein paar dieser Operatoren:
|
||||
* "==" prüft, ob etwas gleich ist
|
||||
* "!=" prüft, ob etwas ungleich ist
|
||||
* "<" prüft, ob der Wert links kleiner ist als der Wert rechts
|
||||
* ">" prüft, ob der Wert links größer ist als der Wert rechts
|
||||
* "<=" prüft, ob der Wert links kleiner oder gleich dem Wert rechts ist
|
||||
* ">=" prüft, ob der Wert links größer oder gleich dem Wert rechts ist
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Und wie könnte es weiter gehen?
|
||||
* Kannst du das Programm auch so abändern, dass die LED 5 Sekunden an bleibt, wenn der Knopf gedrückt wird?
|
||||
<details>
|
||||
<summary>Hier klicken für Lösungsvorschläge - aber bitte erst selbst probieren! </summary>
|
||||
|
||||
```c
|
||||
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
|
||||
delay(5000);
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/kurs_herunterladen.png
Normal file
BIN
Arduino_Grundlagen/kurs_herunterladen.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 13 KiB |
@ -1,56 +1,40 @@
|
||||
# Z-Lab Kurs Arduino-Grundlagen oder: Wir bauen eine Ampel
|
||||
# Z-Lab Kurs Arduino-Grundlagen
|
||||
## Übersicht
|
||||
|
||||
In diesem Kurs bauen wir mit einem Mikrocontroller, drei LEDs und einem Knopf eine Ampel.
|
||||
In diesem Kurs lernen wir, einen Mikrocontroller zu Programmieren und ein paar Sachen, die man dann damit machen kann.
|
||||
|
||||
* Zuerst einmal lernen wir, was der Unterschied zwischen einem Mikrocontroller und einem normalen PC ist. Zudem, was die Vor- und Nachteile eines Mikrocontrollers sind und was man damit z.B. alles machen kann
|
||||
* Dann lernen wir die Grundstruktur eines Arduino-Programms und wie wir das Programm in Maschinensprache übersetzen und auf den Arduino laden.
|
||||
* Danach lernen wir, wie wir die auf dem Arduino feste eingebaute LED zum Blinken bringen.
|
||||
* Im nächsten Projekt lernen wir, was ein Breadboard ist und wie eine externe LED angeschlossen wird.
|
||||
* Im 4. Projekt lernen wir, wie wir einen Knopf mit dem Arduino auslesen können
|
||||
* Weil wir dann schon alles gelernt haben, um eine Ampel zu bauen kombinieren wir im letzten Projekt alles zur Ampel.
|
||||
Und hier gehts dann zu den einzelnen Übungen:
|
||||
* [Übung 1: Grundstruktur](01_Grundstruktur/)
|
||||
Zuerst lernen wir die Grundstruktur eines Arduino-Programms und wie wir das Programm in Maschinensprache übersetzen und auf den Arduino laden.
|
||||
* [Übung 2: Blinken](02_Blinken/)
|
||||
Danach lernen wir, wie wir die auf dem Arduino feste eingebaute LED zum Blinken bringen.
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Externe LED](03_Externe_LED/)
|
||||
Das Ganze machen wir dann noch mit einer externen LED, hier lernst du das Breadboard kennen
|
||||
* [Übung 4: Piepser](04_Piepser/)
|
||||
In Übrung 4 erzeugen wir Töne mit dem Arduino
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Lichtsensor](05_Lichtsensor/)
|
||||
Hier lernst du, wie ein Lichtsensor verwendet werden kann
|
||||
* [Übung 3: Schalter](06_Schalter/)
|
||||
Und natürlich müssen wir auch wissen, wie Schalter funktionieren
|
||||
|
||||
## Materialliste
|
||||
|
||||
Wir benötigen dazu folgendes:
|
||||
|
||||
* 1x Arduino Uno
|
||||
* 3x LEDs. Am besten eine rote, eine gelbe und eine grüne
|
||||
* 1x LED
|
||||
* Widerstände: 1x 220 Ohm und 1x 10k Ohm.
|
||||
* 1x einen Tastknopf
|
||||
* 1x ein sog. Breadboard
|
||||
* 1x passiver Piepser
|
||||
* Einen Satz Jumper-Kabel mit PINs auf beiden Seiten
|
||||
* 3x Widerstände. 220Ohm - 1kOhm sollten funktionieren
|
||||
|
||||
## Was ist ein Mikrocontroller und was ist der Unterschied zu einem PC
|
||||
## Vorbereitungen
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Viel größer, braucht viel Strom
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Kann ganz klein sein und kommt mit viel weniger Strom aus
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Viel RAM und viel Festplatte
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Sehr wenig RAM und sehr wenig Flash-Speicher
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Es sind viele Programme auf der Festplatte gespeichert, die gestartet werden können
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Es ist nur ein Programm gespeichert
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Startet und dann können mehrere Programme gleichzeitig starten (z.B. Fortnite und Discord) oder wieder beendet werde
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Hier läuft immer nur ein Programm. So lange der Mikrocontroller Strom hat läuft es, schaltet man ihn ab läuft es nicht mehr. Wie bei einer Bohrmaschine
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Es ist nicht garantiert, in welcher Zeit ein PC auf eine Eingabe reagiert (das hängt damit zusammen, dass mehrere Programme gleichzeitig laufen aber zwischendrin immer wieder pausieren)
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Hier kann ausgerechnet werden, wie lange die Reaktionszeit auf eine Eingabe ist, sodass auch innerhalb einer garantierten Zeit auf diese reagiert werden kann (für sog. Echtzeitanwendungen)
|
||||
|
||||
PC: Teuer
|
||||
Mikrocontroller: Gibt es schon sehr günstig (ab ca. 2€)
|
||||
|
||||
Mikrocontroller lassen sich auch sehr leicht erweitern um WLAN-Module, Bluetooth, Sensoren und Schalter.
|
||||
|
||||
Ein Mikrocontroller kann also z.B. verwendet werden, wenn nicht viel Platz und nur wenig Strom da ist. Also z.B. für:
|
||||
* Sensoren wie Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtigkeitssensoren
|
||||
* Schalter wie ein Licht
|
||||
* Steuerungen von z.B. Robotern oder elektrischen Rolläden
|
||||
|
||||
## Die Projekte
|
||||
|
||||
Und hier gehts dann zu den einzelnen Projekten:
|
||||
* [Projekt 1: Grundstruktur](01_Grundstruktur)
|
||||
* [Projekt 2: Blinken](02_Blinken)
|
||||
* [Projekt 3: Externe LED und mehrere LEDs](03_Externe_LED)
|
||||
Damit du in der Arduino-IDE die Programme einfach öffnen kannst wie es in den Screenshots beschrieben ist musst du dieses Repository auf deinen Computer herunterladen.
|
||||
Die Dateien müssen in deinem Dokumentenverzeichnis ins Verzeichnis "Arduino" kopiert werden.
|
||||
Das sieht dann so aus:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Danach kannst du in der Arduino-IDE die Übungen öffnen.
|
||||
Wie das geht siehst du in den einzelnen Übungen.
|
||||
|
||||
7
Presentation/.gitignore
vendored
7
Presentation/.gitignore
vendored
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
||||
*.aux
|
||||
*.log
|
||||
*.nav
|
||||
*.out
|
||||
*.snm
|
||||
*.pdf
|
||||
*.toc
|
||||
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
|
||||
\documentclass{beamer}
|
||||
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
|
||||
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
|
||||
|
||||
\usetheme{Boadilla}
|
||||
|
||||
\title{Arduino Grundlagen}
|
||||
\subtitle{Wir bauen eine Ampel}
|
||||
\author{Alexander Gabriel}
|
||||
\institute{Z-Lab-Bruchsal}
|
||||
\date{\today}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{document}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{frame}
|
||||
\titlepage
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{01 Grundlagen}
|
||||
\subsection{Folie 1}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{frame}
|
||||
\frametitle{01 Grundlagen - Folie 1}
|
||||
Hier noch Text und Bilder zu den Grundlagen
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{frame}
|
||||
\frametitle{Outline}
|
||||
\tableofcontents
|
||||
\end{frame}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
\end{document}
|
||||
|
||||
Binary file not shown.
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user